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Petitions for Discretionary Review & Certiorari

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Petitions for Review & Certiorari Explained

Following an unsuccessful direct appeal in a Texas state court, a defendant may petition Texas’s highest criminal court, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, to review the intermediate appellate court’s decision. Unlike intermediate courts, the Court of Criminal Appeals gets to choose which case it hears, so it’s critical to hire an attorney who understands how to present a case in line with the type of issues that the court may consider. Similarly, following an unsuccessful direct appeal in a federal circuit court, a defendant may petition the United States Supreme Court to issue a writ of certiorari and review the intermediate court’s decision. The United States Supreme Court, like the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, gets to choose the cases it considers, and it grants certiorari in an extremely limited number of cases.

Are petitions for review appropriate in every case?

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No. Unlike intermediate courts, the United States Supreme Court and Texas Court of Criminal Appeals get to choose which cases they hear.

While neither controlling nor fully measuring the Court of Criminal Appeals' discretion, the following will be considered by the court in deciding whether to grant discretionary review:

  1. whether a court of appeals' decision conflicts with another court of appeals' decision on the same issue;
  2. whether a court of appeals has decided an important question of state or federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by the Court of Criminal Appeals;
  3. whether a court of appeals has decided an important question of state or federal law in a way that conflicts with the applicable decisions of the Court of Criminal Appeals or the Supreme Court of the United States;
  4. whether a court of appeals has declared a statute, rule, regulation, or ordinance unconstitutional, or appears to have misconstrued a statute, rule, regulation, or ordinance;
  5. whether the justices of a court of appeals have disagreed on a material question of law necessary to the court's decision; and
  6. whether a court of appeals has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings, or so far sanctioned such a departure by a lower court, as to call for an exercise of the Court of Criminal Appeals' power of supervision.

Similarly, the following, although neither controlling nor fully measuring the Supreme Court's discretion, indicate the character of the reasons the Supreme Court considers in determining whether to grant a petition for a writ of certiorari:

  1. a United States court of appeals has entered a decision in conflict with the decision of another United States court of appeals on the same important matter; has decided an important federal question in a way that conflicts with a decision by a state court of last resort; or has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings, or sanctioned such a departure by a lower court, as to call for an exercise of this Court's supervisory power;
  2. a state court of last resort has decided an important federal question in a way that conflicts with the decision of another state court of last resort or of a United States court of appeals;
  3. a state court or a United States court of appeals has decided an important question of federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an important federal question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this Court.

 

A petition for a writ of certiorari is rarely granted when the asserted error consists of erroneous factual findings or the misapplication of a properly stated rule of law.

Is there a deadline to file a petition for review?

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Yes. In Texas case, petitions for discretionary review must be filed in the Court of Criminal Appeals within 30 days of the intermediate court of appeals's judgment. In federal cases, petitions for certiorari must be filed in the Supreme Court within 90 days of the intermediate court of appeals' judgment.

What happens if a high court agrees to grant review?

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Like in the intermediate courts, the parties submit written briefs, and the court may order the parties to appear for oral argument. The court then issues a written opinion deciding the appeal.